The Tropical Rainforest Free Essays

The tropical rainforest is the greatest and most complexed biological system on the planet. It holds the greater part of the world’s creatures and plantlife, Including an enormous dominant part that haven’t even been found at this point. The rainforest contrasted with Britain is multiple times bigger, covering around 8 million km. We will compose a custom paper test on The Tropical Rainforest or on the other hand any comparative point just for you Request Now Probably the timberland is obliterated regular, including creature and plantlife. The woodland from above is an immense green blanket of trees, emitting a few distinct shades. From air you can see the emergents, which grow up to around 50m in tallness, these are joined by the shade, which are 15m let down. The under canopy’s are 10m in stature and the most minimal of all are the bushes and shrubs. The ground of the woodland is dull and moist, possessing an aroma like rotting matter. Long creepers or lianas trail to the ground, entrapping themselves in the branches. The woodland overhang is depicted to as the ‘engine’ of the rainforest. This is on the grounds that, it’s where the greater part of the photosynthesis happens, and you will likewise have the option to find the entirety of the backwoods foods grown from the ground. The normal precipitation of the woodland is 2,000mm. The entirety of this downpour is called great convectional precipitation, it falls routinely consistently simultaneously (consistently). 80% of this downpour is reused back up into the environment. The remainder of the downpour is gathered in the waterways and streams which stream retreat to the ocean. The dirts of the rainforest are of a low quality, this is because of all the filtering that happens. The dirt is extremely thick, about 20m (60feet). This is on the grounds that it has been endured for quite a while, with all the warmth and wetness. The roots in the trees are discovered near the outside of the ground, this is the place the entirety of the supplements are found, from falling leaves. There are two cycles in the tropical rainforest, a supplement cycle, where the leaves fall and hit the ground to be benefited from by the decomposers, and a water cycle, where the downpour falls, some of it gathering in the leaves and some of it making it’s path down to the woodlands floor, and streams, 80% of it is reused. In this exposition I will expound on the tropical rainforest. It will comprise of 7 unique parts including the presentation, different parts are the area of the woodland, the structure and decent variety of the timberland, backwoods forms, about slice and consume, other human utilization of the rainforest, assessments on the backwoods and what's to come. The area of the tropical rainforests is the accompanying; inside the tropics, 23.5 degrees north and south equator. South America, Africa and South East Asia. Its vast majority situating in south America. In Asia it is 0.7% every year, Africa it is 0.3% per year and in Latin America it is 0.5% per year. The tropical rainforest has an unbelievable measure of decent variety about it. The woods spread around 6% of the earth’s land surface. What is various about this? Well it’s different from various perspectives, in addition to the fact that it contains no not exactly 50% of the considerable number of universes types of plants, creatures and creepy crawlies, yet it likewise has had several them crushed (terminated). Due to keeps an eye on decision to chop down pieces of the timberland. The woods can be known as a fortune place of assets. The fowl life of the backwoods is unbelievingly lavish, splendid and resonant. The trees and the woodland floor overflow with creatures that couple of individuals have ever observed or even known about. A large number of fish have been advanced in the woodlands waterways and streams. The most differing of all the living things in the tropical rainforest however is the creepy crawlies, there are a large number of thousands, and perhaps about this sum not found. The assorted variety is likewise appeared by the Indians of Amazonia, with their capacity to utilize in excess of 1600 pharmaceutical plant removes. This huge clinical potential has just been damaged. Every year 100,000-140,000 square kilometers of woodland is annihilated. In a couple of decades a fourth of the whole world’s store of natural species could evaporate into insensibility. This deforestation brings nearby ruin, flooding, soil disintegration and land barrenness. Overall it takes steps to change atmospheres, to quicken a worldwide temperature alteration. What's more, enormous territories of previous rainforest end up as extreme, for all intents and purposes unpalatable grass, of no utilization to man or mammoth natures biological vengeance! The loss of new medications could demonstrate grievous, in light of the fact that a considerable lot of the medications that have not been found could well be fixes to maladies, for example, malignant growth and the regular virus. The woodland forms are the dirt framework, rainforest environment and the water cycle. The dirt framework, where the woodlands trees shed their leaves and branches. There is a layer of breaking down litter on the outside of the ground. Which is trailed by a flimsy layer of supplement rich soil. This is the place the trees digs reclaim up all the supplements. In the event that trees are evacuated, at that point the entire supplement cycle is broken, and the entirety of the current supplements are washed away, this is called filtering. Leaving the dirt fruitless. The following procedure is the rainforest biological system. This is the point at which the precipitation (downpour) falls onto the trees leaves, and the suns vitality likewise sparkles down onto the leaves, this causes vanishing in water fume. A portion of the water leaks through into ground water and surface run-off. The biological system is likewise when the supplements are reused, as expressed in the dirt framework. The water cycle is the point at which all the overwhelming rainstorms tumble down on the woods layer of trees, and is vanished or transpirated. A great deal of this is reused through the streams, as they convey a ton of it back to the ocean. The cut and consume process is a long one. It starts with human exercises, as they chop down a zone of the backwoods by hand. A few trees are left remaining to ensure the dirt and on the off chance that they have foods grown from the ground developing on them, at that point they will be left to. The wood is then scorched, annihilating the characteristic seeds which lessens weeding. Debris from the consumed trees is then delved into the dirt to give compost. New harvests are the planted (for example sweet potatoes, manioc, cassava). There is less vegetation to make the progress, which uncovered the dirt, causing filtering and disintegration. The yields at that point get less every year, essentially following 2-3 years. The ranchers proceed onward to clear a plot elsewhere, and start the entire procedure once more. The plot wherein the ranchers have obliterated is presently relinquished. What's more, will before long beginning to re-develop once more, however less lush, with less and lower species. This is called auxiliary development. The biological equalization is reestablished after around 20 years. There are principally 4 diverse different manners by which people utilize the backwoods. (1), there is clearcutting, in which a zone of the backwoods is totally cleared. Just significant species are taken out and the rest are left and consumed. This is a helpful wellspring of pay. (2), Agroforestry, this is a cultivating procedure that mimics the overhang and ‘layer’ structure of the characteristic woods by planting trees just as shorter-lived ranch crops. This thought is like that of the Indian woodland ‘gardens’, however the region shouldn't be relinquished for a decrepit period. (3), this is biosphere hold, this is a method of ensuring some portion of the woodland by leaving it ‘untouched’ aside from research and the assortment of materials for plant rearing and so forth. The secured ‘core’ territory is encircled by a ‘buffer zone’ in which just certain human exercises are permitted. The exercises allowed will make little harm the biological system and will stop all the more requesting exercises attacking the region. (4), trees for yearly harvests and wood. The woodland is cleared and supplanted by stands of tree yields or brisk developing lumber trees. When the trees develop, they again give a defensive shade. People likewise utilize the timberland for things, for example, mining, medications and examination for new medications, products of the soil types of food. There’s loads of conclusions on the rainforests. ‘Not to abuse and populate a territory, is an extravagance that individuals in Brazil can't afford’. An inquiry is, ‘what is increasingly significant man or tree?† This was taken from a previous authority of the amazon area. An African rancher stated, ‘If you pay me, I’ll cheerfully keep the timberland standing. In any case I’ll chop it down to make a living.† This is an extremely evident comment, wherein I have no contentions about. The rancher needs to chop down backwoods, so he can keep carrying on with his life. The Observer and WWF (World Wildlife Federation) ‘not World Wrestling Federation! Composed an area on the rainforest, which discusses how the woods are so acceptable, yet people are continually at war with it. It says, ‘Trees tie the dirt to the ground, direct the waters of life, and deal with the atmosphere. They remain at the core of the world’s religions, and plague our writing and culture. This is the uplifting news, however the awful news is, ‘Yet we appear to be for all time at war with them. Scarcely a fourth of the world’s primitive timberlands despite everything remain, and they are as a rule in remote spots. Indeed, even these are presently falling so quick that little of our regular legacy will be left for the people to come. In LEDC’s, for example, Malaysia, where it needs to utilize the woods assets. The best way to spare the woodlands later on is to assist the LEDC’s and help them grow, in this way we will be sparing the backwoods. 232,000 kilometers squared of tropical rainforest. The tropical rainforest in focal regions and blocked off zones, this is the place urbanization is devastating the backwoods. End; I have found some intriguing realities and feelings on the tropical rainforests. I have found about the precipitation, soils, people utilization of the backwoods, the outrageous assorted variety, where the rainforests are to be found, the entire cut and consume process, and what to do later on. I can now un

job description :: essays research papers

Clinical Bookkeeper Reports to:                          Department: Classification:                         Division: Date:                               Approved: Occupation FUNCTION: This accountant position is liable for evaluating of medical procedures and different administrations gave by the doctors and furthermore for phone assortments and patient requests. Fundamental FUNCTIONS: 1.     Pricing: a.     Obtains outline from secretary. b.     Reads the usable report, applies fitting expense plan, presents on the group, makes sure about doctor endorsement of any changes, finishes on the important changes, and posts into the framework. c.     Prepares a month to month composed report of the doctors' sums. d.     Educates new doctors to the Clinic valuing framework. e.     Prices new medical procedures by contrasting and expenses from different centers. f.     Provides a gauge of medical procedure charges to patients. g.     Enters new patient records on PC. h.     Posts every single day by day charge. i.     Creates and keeps up forward-thinking procedural manuals for every doctor as these systems influence and are influenced by this position. 2.     Collections: a.     Performs all assortment capacities for the Clinic, incorporating working with the insurance agencies and the patients. b.     Turns over collectables to the assortment organization with the endorsement of the doctors and the Business Manager. c.     Checks with lawyers on the status of legitimate patients like clockwork. d.     Calls patients and insurance agencies for assortments. e.     Inquires month to month about the 90-day-and-more seasoned records from the PC. f.     Obtains the essential explanations from the PC and performs benefits. g.     Locates patients who have moved. 3.     Patient Inquiries/Patient Relations: a.     Locates outlines and X beams. Duplicates them and sends them to other orthopedic doctors as mentioned. b.     Updates patients' very own information. c.     Occasionally enters a protection number for another patient when it is called in. d.     Requests organized explanations through the PC day by day in light of patient solicitations. e.     With respect to cycle billings, helps the Bookkeeperâ€Computer in dismantling and setting them up for mailing three times each month. f.     Receives calls from patients asking about their records. 4.     Other Duties: a.     Opens mail, posts installments, and parities. b.     Handles incidental mail, for example, protection dismissals, articulations for patients, and so on. c.     Helps Bookkeeperâ€Computer balance toward the month's end and helps with discovering blunders. Extra RESPONSIBILITIES: 1.     Functions as a reinforcement for the Bookkeeperâ€Computer. 2.     Performs different obligations as required and doled out by the Business Manager. Provokes Unique to this Position: The expense practices of every one of the doctors and the translation of charges vary somewhat, and this clerk must have the option to perceive potential regions of trouble and make proper strides.

The Importance of Common Salt free essay sample

NaCl, is known as normal salt. It is significant on the grounds that it is fundamental to the strength of people and of creatures. for household use it is fined down to what is known as table-salt, and little amounts of different synthetic substances are added to it to keep it free-streaming when in contact with the environment. Salt and potassium are joined to create iodised salt, utilized when iodine is deficient in diet. Its nonattendance cause goiter, the growing of the thyroid organ. Domesticated animals just as people need salt, and this gave as strong squares, known as salt-licks. Salt is likewise essential to the food business. It is utilized in meat pressing frankfurter making and fish-relieving both for flavoring and as an additive. It is additionally utilized in the relieving and saving of stows away and as salt water of saline solution for refrigeration purposes. Salt is widely utilized in the synthetic business; in the assembling of heating pop, sodium bicarbonate; of scathing pop, sodium hydroxide; of hydrochloric corrosive, of chlorine and so forth. We will compose a custom paper test on The Importance of Common Salt or then again any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page It is additionally utilized in cleanser making, and in the assembling of coating and porcelain polish. It likewise enters metallurgic procedures as influenza, a compound used to help the melding of metals. Salt brings down the dissolving purpose of water, so in mix with coarseness, it is utilized for freeing streets from day off ice. It is likewise utilized for water-mellowing by methods for expelling calcium and magnesium mixes from faucet water.

The GRE/SAT Tutor A Secret Weapon for Learning Vocab

Let us tell you about our new weapon of choice. As an SAT and GRE verbal tutor in Boston, one of the hardest parts of my job has been to help my students improve on the vocabulary section of the GRE or the SAT. We can talk through how to solve a math problem or figure out the main point of a passage, but I’ve always thought of Vocabulary as a skill that has to be acquired by reading books and using hard words. Because you mostly find challenging words in challenging books, it’s my hunch that organizations like the College Board and the ETS use vocabulary as a proxy for asking â€Å"Does this person read lots of books?† If the answer for any student was no, (either because she didn’t read much or because English wasn’t her first language) then the student was out of luck. But the tremendous gains in vocabulary by one of my current GRE students have forced me to reconsider. Her progress has made me realize that vocabulary can be taught and mastered rapidly. The secret? Anki. I discussed Anki a few blog posts ago as a tool for aiding memorization on the MCAT. When I teach that test, I have my students use it constantly, because it’s a very powerful tool for learning facts. Anki helps you answer questions like â€Å"what part of the body secretes hormone X?† or â€Å"What’s the formula for the area of a circle?† It’s not very good for higher-level questions like â€Å"How do I determine the main theme of this passage?† But, as I’ve come to realize, Anki can be hugely helpful to my work as a private GRE verbal tutor as well. After all, vocabulary is just a collection of facts that ask â€Å"What does this word mean?† Therefore, Anki applies extremely well to learning vocabulary. Here’s how you do it: Find a list of vocabulary words: Companies like Manhattan Prep (for the GRE) and Princeton Review (SAT) have put out all kinds of vocabulary lists of words the appear on the SAT. Finding a deck of â€Å"500 essential words for the GRE† Download Anki: http://ankisrs.net/index.html (there’s an app for iOS and for Android. The Android one is free, but the iOS one is $25. Worth every penny by my estimation) Read this. Every day, put 20 vocabulary words into a deck. Don’t go down the page and add all the â€Å"A† words at once. Mix it up by adding words that start with different letters at the same time. Do your cards daily. This should take about 20 minutes or so, depending on how fast you are. I like doing flashcards at the end of the day because I’m most productive in the mornings. Running through flashcards is quick and easy, so I don’t like to waste productive time in the morning. Overawe your compatriots and antagonists (and standardized tests) with your loquacity. Anki is a total breakthrough in learning new vocabulary. But most importantly, it’s not cramming. These words will stay in your head as long as you practice with Anki daily. The program uses spaced repetition to show you a card just as it knows you’re about to forget that word. Whether you’re trying to learn a new language (Spanish, Chinese, Arabic) or trying to improve your knowledge of your own language (SAT/GRE), Anki can help. And for further help, contact Cambridge Coaching! Our private GRE math and verbal tutors from Harvard and MIT can get your GRE prep on track, and help you get the score you need! For more relevant reading, check out these other blog posts, written by our SAT and GRE tutors in Boston and New York:Vocab Building for the SAT, What Happens When a Tutor Takes the GRE?, How Rusty Test-Takers Can Fight GRE Anxiety? ;

The Poem Faith By Mark Doty Essay - 2028 Words

Research Paper The poem â€Å"Faith†, written by Mark Doty in 1995, works to destigmatize Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) through his relationship with his partner, Wally. Since this poem was written in the mid-1990s, it is a progressive piece that focuses on normalizing homosexuality and raising awareness for AIDS. His writing focuses on combatting the largely-held belief that AIDS only affects homosexual men. There was also the idea that there were â€Å"good gays† and â€Å"bad gays†. â€Å"Bad gays† were the ones who had the misfortune to contract HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) and â€Å"good gays† did not contract HIV. Additionally, he describes the profound effect that a terminal disease can have on a relationship. Doty’s poem represents the idea that true love provides mankind with the ability to conquer fears. The main purpose of his poem is to show his love for his significant other and show the effect that AIDS had on their relationship, strengthening it, while making it more fragile at the same time. Doty’s poem is important because it opens up a non-judgmental conversation about AIDS, which was unique for that time. The introduction of the poem is written from the viewpoint of a dream and Doty is the speaker of the poem. This shows how Doty attempts to romanticize even the worst moments in his life. It could also be a sign of denial. If he only dreams that Wally is sick, when he wakes up he will be relieved. However, if Wally is sick while he is awake, then sleep is hisShow MoreRelatedAnalysis of Allen Ginsbergs Howl2630 Words   |  11 Pagesï » ¿Howl Allen Ginsburg Introduction Why is this poem so fascinating to scholars, students, and others in America, even today fifty-six years after it was published? Indeed it remains of interest because this poem was part of the literary movement that put the Beat Generation on the map, and it also demonstrated, †¦in a seismic way, that social change could be driven by literature, Amiri Baraka and colleagues explain in The American Poetry Review. The poem broke form, and challenged cultural and moral

Effects of Television Violence and Children free essay sample

Effects of Television violence and Children Outline: I. THESIS STAEMENT: Although the television serves as a form of entertainment, when you abuse its use, and make it a habit to watch, it gives negative effects on the behavior of children especially in their brain’s development. II. PORPUSE OF THE RESEARCH III. INTRODUCTION IV. HIPOTHESIS METHOD A. CHILDREN QUESTIONNAIRE 1. HOW IT CAN AFFECT VIEWER’S BEHAVIOUR 2. CHILDREN RESPONSES B. EFFECTS RESULTS 1. NEGATIVE EFFECTS a. Behavior of children . Brain development C. Discussion V. CONCLUSION VI. REFERENCES VII. BIBLIOGRAPHY Thesis Statement: Although the television serves as a form of entertainment, when you abuse its use, and make it a habit to watch, it gives negative effects on the behavior of children especially in their brain’s development. Purpose of the Research: This paper aims to explore the effect of violence seen on TV on children’s behavior. Television violence and its effects on viewers has been a  controversial issue for many years. Some viewers believe that there is  an increasingly large amount of violence on television and this   widespread  public  concern has: â€Å"Led to calls for stricter controls on the depiction of violence in   programs. (Gunter and McAleer 1990) I chose this research topic because I have a three year old boy who  I babysit from time to time and enjoys watching television. I thought it may give me an insight into  the effect these so called, children’s programs are actually having  on him, if any. The vast majority of research is inconclusive but demonstrates strong  links between viewing violence and committing violent acts. To try and  add value to previous research I conducted my own research through   collating information from questionnaires issued to   children (ages 5-17) in my best friend work place, New Era Educational School in Toa Baja PR; however the results did not directly  support my hypothesis. INTRODUCTION The sole purpose of this project is to examine whether children behave  differently after they have been watching violence on television. In  addition the question that is of paramount importance to this whole   piece of investigative work is:  Ã‚ · Are children more likely to imitate acts of violence or aggressive   behavior because of what they have seen on television? A continuing debate between Broadcasters and Scientists is permanently  ongoing and in spite of the accumulation of evidence between the links  of viewing television violence and children’s behavior the debate  goes on. Furthermore, media professionals would rather believe that television  has no effects other than those intended, thousands of studies have  pointed to casual relationships between television violence and   real-life crime. In spite of numerous research studies, the perception  continues that the effects of television violence are unclear, even  contradictory. Moreover, blaming the media could be an easy option for some and can  serve to divert attention from other causes or change going on in a  child’s life, and so claims about the, â€Å"Effects of Television† could   be massively exaggerated. This ongoing debate has inspired a great deal of research, one of the  most well known and publicized experiments was that of Albert  Bandura’s Bobo doll studies, which are now widely regarded as early   research classics in the field of psychology. I am going to discuss  this experiment in greater detail within this project and hopefully  link it with more recent research, my own research and observations to   support my hypothesis. HYPOTHESIS METHOD HYPOTHESIS: It is predicted that children will imitate violence or   display violent behavior after viewing violence on television. METHOD: My initial first step of this investigation was to carry out literacy  research in my chosen topic, in order to gain a more in-depth  knowledge of the subject area. This involved searching Internet web  sites, books, newspaper articles, magazines and of course watching a  television programs on the issue to enable me to gather information  on previous research that has already been written on the effects of   television violence. As a means of carrying out my own research I compiled a  questionnaire for children to complete. Finally, I collated the results of the questionnaires. RESULTS The results obtained from the questionnaire do not directly link  to the hypothesis of this experiment. What they do show however is  that of the 20 parents asked 100% of children watch television and 50%   of children have access to television in their bedrooms. In addition the results did show that 2 children did display levels of  violence after watching television but the program in both instances  was not completed on the questionnaire, for what reason I do not know. Furthermore the questionnaire revealed that the average time  children are watching television is between 3-5 hours per day.. The children’s questionnaire did not support the hypothesis because  the majority of children said they felt happy when watching the  selected programs and none of the children felt angry. The majority of the results are linked to this experiment but not  directly, they do support research of the hours children spend  watching television and from what age . In addition the only direct   link made was the 2 displays of violence after watching television a  program, however more information would have to be gathered on this  question for it to be conclusive. The results obtained could still be used as further evidence to  support previous research as the information obtained is relevant to  the nature of the experiment. DISCUSSION Before we move into the discussion of the effects of television  violence and whether or not children imitate what they have seen on  television, it is important to offer a definition of violence. The  following statement gives a clear and concise explanation: â€Å"Violence is a general term to describe actions, usually deliberate,  that cause or intend to cause injury to people, animals, or non-living  objects. Violence is often associated with aggression. †(www//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Violence  17. 04. 05) There has been a considerable amount of research into  inter-relationships between the viewing of violent films, videos and  TV programs and aggressive behavior by the viewers of such  material, in particular the behavior of children. The range of media to which children have access to has grown rapidly  in this generation. Take the books, newspapers, magazines, films,  radio, tapes, records, and broadcast television familiar to children   of the previous generation, then add dozens of cable TV. hannels,  thousands of videos and video games, and millions of Internet sites. The result is a crowded media frenzy in which children are engrossed   in, on a daily basis. Therefore we have to ask ourselves, what effects is TV violence having  on our children and does it really inspire them to violence? I am now  going to look at previous research to see if I can find the answers to   my questions. In 1996 and1997 UNESCO conducted the Global Media Violence Survey. More than 5,000 12-year-old children in 93 countries participated,  representing all regions of the world. Under the supervision of Dr Jo Groebel of Utrecht University, the  study aimed to understand the role of media in the lives of children  and the relationship between media violence and aggressive behavior   among children in different settings. The study found that 93% of children watch an average of three hours  television a day. This is at least 50% more than the time spent on any  other out-of-school activity, including homework, being with friends,   or reading. This evidence leaves  little  doubt that television is the  most important medium in the lives of children almost everywhere in  the world today. In addition the study revealed, television, expose’s children to high  levels of violent images on a daily basis. Furthermore it revealed, in  many countries, there is an average of five to ten aggressive acts per   hour on children’s television programs. The study found evidence that media images reinforce the experiences  of children in their real-life environments. Almost half (44%) of  both boys and girls reported a strong overlap between what they   perceive as reality and what they have seen on screen. Many children  experience both real and media environments in which violence appears  to be natural and unfortunately the most effective solution to lifes   problems. This research did not directly answer the question, does seeing  violence on television affect childrens behavior? Instead the study  chose to link the evidence to, Compass Theory† Which states: â€Å"Depending on a childs existing experiences, values, and the cultural  environment, media content offers an orientation, a frame of reference  which determines the direction of the childs own behavior. The   child does not necessarily adopt the behavior portrayed, but the  media images provide a model, a standard for what may be considered  normal and acceptable. † (http://www. ppu. org. uk/chidren/advertising_html) More recent research suggests young children who watch a lot of  television, are more likely to become bullies. The authors suggest the  increasingly violent nature of children’s cartoons may be to blame. (www. timesonline. co. uk/article/0,, 2-1489580,00. html) The researchers used existing data from a national US survey to study  the amount of television watched by 1266 four-year-olds. Then they  compared that amount with follow-up reports by the childrens  mothers, on whether the children bullied or were, Cruel or Mean to  others when they were between six and 11 years old. The study showed that four-year-olds who watched the average amount of  television e. g. 3-5 hours per day were 25% more likely to become  bullies than those who watched none. And children who watched eight  hours of television a day were 200% more likely to become bullies. Frederick Zimmerman, an economist at the University of Washington in  Seattle asserts:  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Parents should understand that, just because TV shows or movie is  made for kids, it doesnt mean its good for kids especially  four-year-olds. † (http://news. bbc. co. uk/1/hi/entertainment/tv_and_radio/1899533. stm) Further studies show that children of pre-school age overwhelmingly  prefer and pay close attention to cartoons. Saturday morning cartoons,  for example, have 20 to 25 violent acts per hour compared with five   violent acts per hour in prime time viewing. Because of their desires to watch cartoons children are being exposed  to large numbers of violent acts in their daily viewing. Based on  their viewing patterns, it has been estimated that, by the time   pre-school children start school, they will have seen an average of  8,000 murders and 100,000 assorted other acts of violence and  destruction on television. (Huston, Donnerstein et al. , 1992. )   In its crudest form the relationship between children and television  is portrayed as a matter of single cause and direct effect, which puts  this kind of research firmly in the behaviorist’s tradition. The most famous psychological studies of children and aggressive  behavior are Albert Banduras Bobo doll studies, which are now widely  regarded as early research classics in the field. These were  experimental studies in which children of nursery  school  age observed  a playroom in which an adult was hitting, punching, kicking and  throwing a large inflatable doll. Particular actions were used for  e. g. using a hammer and saying, â€Å"Pow boom boom† which children  would be unlikely to perform spontaneously. The children were then observed as they played alone in the playroom  with the doll for 10 to 20 minutes. A control group of children was  allowed to play with the doll without observing the aggressive adult   behavior. As one might expect, the children who witnessed the adult  aggression performed similar acts; the others did not. In a series of  studies, Bandura and his colleagues have shown that children display  novel acts of aggressive behavior which they have acquired simply  through observing someone else engaged in these acts. In a later version of the experiment (1965), the children were divided  into 3 groups. One group went straight into the playroom. The second  group saw the model being rewarded for aggressive actions before they   went in. The third saw the model being punished. Those who saw the  model being punished showed significantly less aggression than those  who saw the model rewarded or who saw no consequences. This suggests that seeing a model punished leads to less learning of  the models behavior. However, after all the children had played in  the playroom with the doll, they were offered rewards to behave in the   playroom like the adult model had done. In the first stage of the experiment the consequences for the adult  affected the childrens behavior. The second stage showed that they  had in fact learned the behavior because they were able to perform   it. Therefore those children who had seen the model punished had still  learned the behavior but would only behave like that if offered an  incentive. Bandura suggested that:  Ã¢â‚¬Å"We should distinguish clearly between the acquisition of aggressive   responses and the performance of aggressive acts: observation of  modeling is sufficient for aggressive behavior to be learned, but  reinforcement is necessary for aggressive acts to be actually   performed. †(www. apa. org/publicinfo/banduraviolence. htlm) Further laboratory experiments by Liebert and Baron (1972) using real  television programs, in which they measured the willingness of  children to hurt another child after watching a program were   conducted. Within the experiment children were shown either a race track or an  aggressive program and then allowed either to facilitate or disrupt  another childs game. They could hurt the other child by pressing a   button to make the handle hot which the child was holding. The  children who had seen the aggressive program were significantly more  aggressive than those who had seen the non-aggressive program. This   was particularly the case with boys. In addition, when the children were later observed at play, those who  had viewed the aggressive program showed a stronger preference for  playing with weapons and aggressive toys than did the other children. Similar results have been found in most experimental studies. They  suggest that the more violence is viewed, the greater the likelihood  of aggressive behavior. However, apart from ethical objections one   might raise, such experimental studies have major limitations in terms  of their artificiality. They have been criticized for a lack of,  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Ecological Validity† since they were concerned with strange behavior   in strange settings. In contrast a few researchers and theorists have claimed that  televised violence does not have negative effects. Seymour Feshbach in  the early 1970’s proposed that viewing violence on TV provides an   opportunity for the discharge, or catharsis, of aggressive feelings  and therefore reduces the possibility that the viewer will participate  in aggressive or violent behavior. The theory underlying the catharsis hypothesis proposes that a child  who views violence on television indirectly experiences the violence  and therefore harmlessly discharges his/her unexpressed feelings of   anger, hostility, and frustration. In other words, viewing violent  fantasy may serve nearly as well as actual violence in ridding people  of their hostile impulses. For example, Feshbach and Singer (1971) found that adolescent and  pre-adolescent boys at a residential school were more aggressive if  they watched non-aggressive TV programs than if they had watched   aggressive programs. Watching the programs seemed to be therapeutic, harmlessly  discharging aggressive feelings. This study has however been found to  be flawed, and an attempt at replication did not produce the same   findings. Furthermore the catharsis theory does not agree with evidence that  more aggressive children prefer to watch aggressive programs, and  are more likely to do so than children who are less aggressive   (Chaffee, 1972). Another version of Catharsis  Theory  is that watching violent   programs decreases levels of arousal, leaving viewers less prone to  aggressive behavior. CONCLUSION In conclusion it is fair to say that it is clearly obvious from the  research already done concerning television and its effects, that  violence is quite prevalent on British television. Violence on television can do one of three things. The first is making  us more violent (Huesmann 1982), the second is make us less violent  (Feshbach 1972) and the third is to have no effect at all (Freedman  1984, Kaplan and Singer 1976). Most evidence has supported the first argument namely that television  violence does increase our own violent behavior. In addition most of the research evidence tends to suggest that over a  long period, â€Å"Heavy viewing† of violent programs increases at least  slightly the likelihood of a disposition towards aggressive behavior   amongst children and adolescents. I have shown that various explanations have been offered to describe  processes which violent TV might have on childrens behavior. All I  have done here is to refer to some of these proposed processes   briefly. No single process is likely to offer an adequate explanation. In contrast however we have to take into account the following  contradictory findings:  · If watching violence and acting aggressively are correlated, this  does not prove that watching causes the aggression. It may be, for  instance, that aggressive people seek out violent programs. Even if watching violent programs does increase aggressiveness,  this may be only a short-term phenomenon.  · As in all social science research, other factors are likely to be  involved, in complex inter-relationships. These might include economic  hardship,  family  and peer relationships, gender, sub cultural values,   various uses of TV by individual children and so on. Therefore I have to admit that my own primary research and previous  research does not support my hypothesis because I feel there is no  clear-cut evidence. Moreover, I am a great believer in that children learn from their  environment and learn through imitating others and there must be some  element of truth in the vast amounts of research that exists. Maybe   one day somebody will make a direct link and be brave enough to  publish their findings and have them supported 100%. Finally I think it is of paramount importance to remember that the  most critical argument against watching television, in addition to the  violent content is that it affects the three characteristics that  distinguish us as human beings. In the first 3 years of life, a child learns to walk, to talk and to  think. Television keeps us sitting, leaves little room for  conversations and seriously impairs our ability to think! REFERENCES BIBLIOGRAPHY REFERENCES: www. apa. org/publicinfo/banduraviolence. htlm) (www//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Violence 17. 04. 05) (http://www. ppu. org. uk/chidren/advertising_html) (http://news. bbc. co. uk/1/hi/entertainment/tv_and_radio/1899533. stm) IBLIOGRAPHY: Beaver, m. , Brewster, J. , Jones, P. , Keene, A. , Neaum, S. and Tallack,   J. (2001) Babies and young Children, 2nd edition, Nelson Thornes,   Cheltenham. Gross, R. (2001) The Science of Mind and Behavior, 4th edition,   Hodder Stoughton, London. Jarvis, M. Chandler ,E. (2001) Angels of Child Psychology, Nelson   Thornes, Cheltenham. Karmen, T. (2000) Psychology for childhood studies, Hodder    Stoughton, London. Bandura, A, D Ross S A Ross (1961): Transmission of Aggression   Through Imitation of Aggressive Models, Journal of Abnormal and   Social  Psychology 63: 575-82 Bandura, A (1965): Influence of Models Reinforcement Contingencies   on the Acquisition of Imitative Responses, Journal of Personality and   Social Psychology 1: 589-95 /www. digitalcenter. org/webreport94/ib. htm www. mhhe. com/socscience/comm/bandur-s. mhtml campus. murraystate. du/ academic/faculty/j. dillon/cathar. htm 26k   http://interact. uoregon. edu/MediaLit/mlr/readings/articles/kalin. This questionnaire is designed to get your input on television violence and its effects on children. I realized that most studies I read did not include childrens opinions. Questions 1-4 will give me information about you because I’m are inte rested to see if the opinions of children is different because theyre either male or female, young or old, or from a particular place. The personal information will be private and not shared or sold to anyone else, it is strictly for research purposes. Top of Form A Little about You 1. Are you Male  Ã‚  Female 2. How old are you? 5-8  Ã‚  9-12   Ã‚  13-16  Ã‚  17+ 3. Do you live in a  Rural or an Urban area? 4. How much television do you watch a day? less than 2 hrs  Ã‚  Ã‚  2-3 hrs  4-6 hrs  7+ hrs What Do  You  Think About TV Violence? 5. What type of television show do you watch the most? Situation Comedy (a comedy series in which the same characters star in each episode) Cartoons  Soap Operas Talk Shows  Drama 6. How much violence do you think there is on television? Little Amount  Medium Amount Large Amount . Do you think that violence on television will make children act violently after watching it? Violent = causing harm to anything living or non-li ving. Yes  Ã‚  No 8. Do you think the V-Chip will solve the problem of violence on television today? Yes  Ã‚  No 9. Do you think that violence on television is a problem? Yes  Ã‚  No 10. Do you think have a television set in your bedroom? Yes  Ã‚  No Any other comments on television violence? What do you think the solution is? Optional: What television programs do you mostly watch? Thank you very much! Your opinion is important to me and my research.

Intoduction of Analytical Essay Samples

Intoduction of Analytical Essay SamplesIn the modern era, acquiring analytical essay samples has become a common occurrence. We go through large numbers of resumes and usually scrutinize each and every one of them carefully. Nevertheless, some of us fail to recognize the simple fact that every resume contains more than just a resume. Rather, it contains valuable content that can only be fully appreciated if one is not careless in choosing the right samples for an analytical essay.An essay sample with the sole aim of imparting a general idea would be less useful than one that is specifically meant for a common purpose. Now, let us review a few facts about this. A work sample is essentially intended to serve a particular purpose. The purpose of all work samples that we see on resume is to impart information on a specific job or field and therefore, it is entirely logical that it has to contain specific information in it.A work sample can be conceived as a common purpose of serving the common purpose. An essay sample that is intended for a particular purpose is an important one. Although it may not contain content that can be directly relevant to the work sample, it has to do so much more in order to serve its purpose.An analytical essay can help your job seeker's chances of finding a better paying job. Analytical essays are known to contain more reliable content and therefore, employers prefer theses over the single one-liners of an essay. Analytical essays are actually great assets to add value to the resume and are the reason why they are used so much more now than ever before. And the reason is this: Analytical essays are not only rich in content but also serve as a great example of the common purpose.As you would have already known, all job seekers require analytical essays that are comprehensive in nature but also give specific content. So, if you are thinking of using an analytical essay in your resume, always remember that it should be a part of your resum e and not the sole goal of it. It is only through a sample that you can make your own objective, clear for a job search.As there are a lot of online websites that offer analytical essay samples, it can be quite confusing and time consuming to choose the best one from these samples. The easiest way to find out which samples are very accurate is to look at the testimonials given by the people who have actually used the sample. If you are not able to find any testimonials, you may want to try out the sample again once you are able to gather more information. Remember, the contents of an analytical essay can only be revealed once you are able to choose the most appropriate sample from the vast pool of possible ones.All in all, selecting the most suitable analytical essay for your resume will not be an easy task at all. Rather, it is going to demand a lot of critical thinking and diligence in choosing the best one. Analytical essays are nothing but content that is intended to impart a ge neral idea to an employer.